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Award nominees
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Edmond Locard (1877–1966)
A French criminologist and forensic scientist known as the “Sherlock Holmes of France.”
He founded the world’s first police crime laboratory in Lyon in 1910 and formulated Locard’s Exchange Principle: “Every contact leaves a trace.”
His Exchange Principle is the basis of all forensic work; the principle stipulates that when any two objects come into contact, there is always a transference of material between each object.
Locard’s innovations in fingerprint analysis, trace evidence, and crime scene investigation laid the foundations of modern forensic science.
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Sir Edward Henry (1850–1931)
Sir Edward Richard Henry, 1st Baronet, GCVO, KCB, CSI, KPM was the Assistant Commissioner (Crime) of the Metropolitan Police in London from 1901.
On 1st July that year, he set up the Fingerprint Bureau, using fingerprints to identify criminals, which he had supervised the development of by Azizul Haque and Hem Chandra Bose in India. Fingerprints were used to ensure the conviction of burglar Harry Jackson in 1902 and this usage was later cemented when fingerprint evidence was used to secure the convictions of Alfred and Albert Stratton for murder in 1905.
From 1903 to 1918, he was Commissioner and his time in the post saw the the introduction of typewriters at Scotland Yard.
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Rosalind Franklin (1920–1958)
Rosalind Elsie Franklin was an English chemist and X-ray crystallographer. Her work was central to the understanding of the molecular structures of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), RNA (ribonucleic acid), viruses, coal, and graphite.
Although her works on coal and viruses were appreciated in her lifetime, Franklin's contributions to the discovery of the structure of DNA were largely unrecognised during her life, for which Franklin has been variously referred to as the "wronged heroine", the "dark lady of DNA" the "forgotten heroine", a "feminist icon", and the "Sylvia Plath of molecular biology".
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Sir Alec Jeffreys (1950 )
Sir Alec John Jeffreys is a British geneticist known for developing techniques for DNA profiling which are now used worldwide in forensic science as part of a criminal investigation, and to resolve familial (paternity/maternity) disputes.
Jeffreys's DNA method was first put to use in 1985 when he was asked to help in a disputed immigration case to confirm the identity of a British boy whose family was originally from Ghana.[8] The case was resolved when the DNA results proved that the boy was closely related to the other members of the family.
DNA was first used in a police forensic test to identify the killer of two teenagers, in Narborough, Leicestershire, in 1983 and 1986 respectively. This turned out to be an especially important identification; British authorities believe that without it an innocent man would have inevitably been convicted
In 1994, Alec Jeffrey’s was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for services to genetics.